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Global Collapse of Fish Species by 2048

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Last Updated On: 30/07/2014  
   
With 29% Species Already In Decline, Over-fishing And Habitat-loss Will Result In Lesser Seafood: Study

Washington: The world’s fish and seafood population will collapse by 2048 if current trends in habitat destruction and over-fishing continue, resulting in less food for humans, researchers said on Thursday.  

In an analysis of scientific data going back to the 1960s and historical records over a thousand years, the researchers found that marine biodiversity-the variety of ocean fish, shellfish, birds, plants and micro-organisms- has declined dramatically, with 29% of species already in collapse.  

Extending this pattern into the future, the scientists calculated that by 2048 all species would be in collapse, which the researchers defined as having catches decline 90% from the maximum catch. This applies to all species, from mussels and clams to tuna and swordfish, said Boris Worm, lead author of the study, which was published in the current edition of the journal Science.  

Ocean mammals, including seals, killer whales and dolphins, are also affected.  

’Whether we looked at tide pools or studies over the entire world’s ocean, we saw the same picture emerging’, Worm said in a statement. ’In losing species we lose the productivity and stability of entire ecosystems. I was shocked and disturbed by how consistent these trends are- beyond anything we suspected.’  

When ocean species collapse, it makes the ocean itself weaker and less able to recover from shocks like global climate change, Word said. The decline in marine biodiversity is largely due to over-fishing and destruction of habitat, Worm said in a telephone interview from Dalhousie University in Halifax , Nova Scotia .  

The loss of biodiversity makes ocean ecosystems loss able to recover from the effects of global climate change, pollution and over-exploitation, Worm said.  

He linked a diverse ocean environment to a diversified investment portfolio. With lots of different species in the oceans, just as with lots of different kinds of investments, ’You spread the risk around,’ Worm said. ’In the ocean ecosystem, We’re losing a lot of the species in our stock portfolio, and by the we’re losing productivity and stability, by losing stability, we’re losing the ability of the system to self-repair’.

This research shows we’ll have few viable fisheries by 2050,’ Andrew Sugden, international managing editor of Science, told reporters at a telephone news briefing. �This work also shows that it’s not too late to act.�

To help depleted areas rebuild, marine-life reserves and no-fishing zones need to be setup, Worm and other authors of the study said. This has proven effective in places including the Georges Bank off the US Atlantic coast, he said. With marine reserves I place, fishing near the reserves can improve as much as four-fold, Worm said.

Beyond the economic benefits to coastal communities where fishing is a critical industry, there are environmental benefits to rebuilding marine biodiversity, the scientists said. Depleted coastal ecosystems are vulnerable to invasive species, disease outbreaks, costal flooding and noxious algae blooms, they reported.

Certain kinds of aquaculture can also be beneficial, according to the scientists. REUTERS
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